ESP32 Based Smart Agriculture IoT Monitoring System

The Problem

“Traditional agriculture monitoring requires farmers to manually check environmental conditions and operate devices, making it difficult to continuously monitor sensor data and respond quickly to changing conditions. Building an IoT system also requires reliable communication between embedded hardware, APIs, and user-facing applications.”

The Solution

Developed an ESP32-based IoT platform that communicates over a local Wi-Fi network using HTTP and REST APIs. The ESP32 monitors soil moisture and controls irrigation and other actuators, while a responsive React dashboard provides real-time monitoring, device control, analytics, and system information. A Node.js and Express API with PostgreSQL adds authentication, role-based access control, sensor data storage, and activity logging.

Overview

This project demonstrates an end-to-end IoT system that connects an ESP32 DevKit V1 with a web-based monitoring platform over Wi-Fi. The ESP32 collects sensor data and exposes REST API endpoints for monitoring and device control, while a React and TypeScript dashboard provides real-time visualization, actuator controls, analytics, device information, and activity tracking. A Node.js and Express backend with PostgreSQL manages authentication, user roles, sensor data, and system activity.

Key Features

• Real-time sensor monitoring through ESP32 over a local Wi-Fi network
• REST API communication for sensor data retrieval and device control
• Web-based dashboard built with React, TypeScript, and Tailwind CSS
• Device control with ON/OFF toggles and PWM fan speed control
• Smart irrigation control using soil moisture readings
• Interactive sensor analytics with daily aggregated data
• JWT authentication with role-based access control
• User management and activity logging
• ESP32 system information including IP, MAC address, uptime, and Wi-Fi status
• Responsive dashboard with dark and light theme support

The Result

A complete smart agriculture IoT platform that demonstrates reliable hardware-software integration, local-network communication, REST API design, real-time monitoring, device control, analytics, and role-based system management.